관련 번역
'首先，班级气氛的营造少不了教师的辛苦创设和维护，幼儿之间的冲突频发，教师积极的态度、平和的话语、温柔的安抚有利于创建安全的冲突气氛，有利于幼儿情绪的稳定，促进冲突事件更加有效地解决。教师尊重每一个幼儿，和幼儿一起讨论制定出公平、公正的班规，培养幼儿积极表达自己想法、建议的班级氛围。当同伴冲突发生时，教师要相信幼儿具有一定的能力，可以尝试让幼儿自己解决问题，把冲突看作是幼儿学习、锻炼的机会，在班级内共同讨论冲突事件，引导幼儿尝试从他人的角度看待问题，促进幼儿移情能力的发展。其次，班级氛围还包括班级的物品材料，教师还可以通过合理的摆放班级的物品材料减少幼儿之间的碰撞行为。教师在布置班级环境创设的时候应该考虑到幼儿的年龄特点，以方便幼儿的活动为目的，避免幼儿的行动收到约束。结合幼儿活泼好动的特点，教师应该提供宽敞的地点方便幼儿活动，在环境上营造宽敞、明亮的教室。在班级物资的准备上需要尽量满足幼儿的需要，避免因材料不足引发的冲突。总的来说，教师打造宽敞、明亮的环境，创设良好的班级环境能够减少幼儿冲突的发生。,4.2.2 建立和谐的工作团队,工作环境分为教师的人际关系和学校的规章制度。教师与他人的人际关系状态会影响教师的情绪，特别是班级教师之间的关系也影响着幼儿之间的关系。笔者在实习期间发现，班级教师的自身风格不同会吸引不同性格幼儿的喜欢，教师之间的关系如果不融洽也会导致幼儿之间的关系紧张，教师关系和谐融洽的班级，班级幼儿之间的关系往往更加亲密，幼儿的情感更加丰富。,不仅教师与教师之间的关系会影响幼儿的关系之外，师幼关系更加影响幼儿心理状态的理解能力。有研究发现，教师如何处理幼儿之间出现的矛盾会影响到幼儿的情感体验、对社会规则的理解以及对他人心理状态的理解。所以，教师在与幼儿沟通交往的过程中不仅要与幼儿之间建立亲密的关系，还要促进幼儿积极地与同伴交往，提高幼儿与他人的沟通表达能力，增进同伴之间的亲密关系。,学校的规章制度对教师的工作效率起着非常重要的影响，笔者在实践学习期间发现该幼儿园经常在午休时间召开级组会议，这样会影响教师的休息，不利于教师下午工作的效率和状态，对幼儿发生的同伴冲突也会不厌其烦。同时学校的文件资料过多使教师疲于应对，在上班时间里焦急的填写相关文件，无暇顾及幼儿的同伴冲突。因此，教师之间应该互相关系、融洽相处，创造和谐、有爱的工作环境，科学的规章制度有利于教师积极地处理同伴冲突。'
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번역：
First of all, the construction of class atmosphere is inseparable from the hard creation and maintenance of teachers. Conflicts between children occur frequently. Teachers' positive attitude, peaceful words and gentle comfort are conducive to the creation of a safe conflict atmosphere, the stability of children's emotions and the more effective resolution of conflict events. Teachers respect every child, discuss and formulate fair and just class rules with children, and cultivate a class atmosphere in which children actively express their ideas and suggestions. When peer conflict occurs, teachers should believe that children have a certain ability, try to let children solve problems by themselves, regard the conflict as an opportunity for children to learn and exercise, discuss conflict events together in the class, guide children to try to look at problems from the perspective of others, and promote the development of children's empathy ability. Secondly, the class atmosphere also includes the materials of the class. Teachers can also reduce the collision behavior between children by reasonably placing the materials of the class. When setting up the class environment, teachers should take into account the age characteristics of children, so as to facilitate children's activities and avoid children's actions being constrained. Combined with the lively characteristics of children, teachers should provide spacious places to facilitate children's activities and create a spacious and bright classroom in the environment. In the preparation of class materials, we need to try our best to meet the needs of children and avoid conflicts caused by insufficient materials. In general, teachers create a spacious and bright environment and create a good class environment can reduce the occurrence of children's conflict.,4.2.2 establish a harmonious working team,The working environment is divided into Teachers' interpersonal relationship and school rules and regulations. The interpersonal relationship between teachers and others will affect teachers' emotions, especially the relationship between class teachers and children. During the internship, the author found that the different styles of class teachers will attract the likes of children with different personalities. If the relationship between teachers is not harmonious, it will also lead to the tension between children. In a harmonious class, the relationship between class children is often closer and children's emotion is richer.,Not only the relationship between teachers will affect the relationship between children, but also the relationship between teachers and children will affect the understanding ability of children's psychological state. Some studies have found that how teachers deal with the contradictions between children will affect children's emotional experience, understanding of social rules and understanding of others' psychological state. Therefore, in the process of communication with children, teachers should not only establish close relations with children, but also promote children's active communication with peers, improve children's communication and expression ability with others, and enhance the intimate relationship between peers.,The rules and regulations of the school have a very important impact on the work efficiency of teachers. During the practical study, the author found that the kindergarten often holds level group meetings during the lunch break, which will affect the rest of teachers, is not conducive to the efficiency and state of teachers' work in the afternoon, and will not be tired of peer conflicts among children. At the same time, there are too many documents in the school, which makes teachers tired of coping. They anxiously fill in relevant documents during working hours and have no time to take into account children's peer conflict. Therefore, teachers should get along well with each other and create a harmonious and loving working environment. Scientific rules and regulations are conducive to teachers to actively deal with peer conflicts.。
'尊敬的老师们，上午好，我叫曾琳萍，今年23岁，来自福建莆田。我即将毕业于洛阳理工学院会计专业。大学期间我认真学习了每个课程，例如基础会计、中级财务会计、高级财务会计等，形成了一个系统的知识体系。这些课程让我更为了解会计这一行业，使我坚定了考研去深入学习的决心。大学期间我还担任了班级组织委员一职，这培养了我沟通和组织的能力。我是一个很乐观的人，遇到任何事都能积极寻求解决方法，也是一个很有毅力的人，凡事都会坚持到底。在空闲时候，我喜欢运动，我最喜欢的运动就是网球，它能够很好的释放压力。在过去三年半的本科学习期间，我深刻意识到，当我步入社会时，我所掌握的知识和技能不足以实现我的个人目标，因此我觉得自己需要读研深造，深入了解会计这个领域。'
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Dear teachers, good morning. My name is Zeng Linping, 23 years old, from Putian, Fujian Province. I am about to graduate from Luoyang Institute of technology, majoring in accounting. During college, I carefully studied each course, such as basic accounting, intermediate financial accounting, advanced financial accounting, etc., forming a systematic knowledge system. These courses let me know more about the accounting industry and made me firm in my determination to study deeply in the postgraduate entrance examination. During college, I also served as a class organization committee member, which trained my ability of communication and organization. I am a very optimistic person. I can actively seek solutions to anything. I am also a very persistent person. I will stick to everything to the end. In my spare time, I like sports. My favorite sport is tennis, which can release pressure well. During the past three and a half years of undergraduate study, I deeply realized that when I entered the society, the knowledge and skills I mastered were not enough to achieve my personal goals. Therefore, I felt that I needed to go to graduate school and have an in-depth understanding of the field of accounting.。
'尊敬的老师们，上午好，我叫曾琳萍，今年23岁，来自福建莆田。我即将毕业于洛阳理工学院会计专业。大学期间我认真学习了每个课程，例如基础会计、中级财务会计、高级财务会计等，形成了一个系统的知识体系。这些课程让我更为了解会计这一行业，使我坚定了考研去深入学习的决心。大学期间我还担任了班级组织委员一职，培养了我沟通和组织能力。我是一个很乐观的人，遇到任何事都能积极寻求解决方法，也是一个很有毅力的人，凡事都会坚持到底。在空闲时候，我喜欢运动，我最喜欢的运动就是网球，它能够很好的释放压力。在过去三年半的本科学习期间，我深刻意识到，当我步入社会时，我所掌握的知识和技能不足以实现我的个人目标，因此我觉得自己需要深造，深入了解这个领域。'
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번역：
Dear teachers, good morning. My name is Zeng Linping, 23 years old, from Putian, Fujian Province. I am about to graduate from Luoyang Institute of technology, majoring in accounting. During college, I carefully studied each course, such as basic accounting, intermediate financial accounting, advanced financial accounting, etc., forming a systematic knowledge system. These courses let me know more about the accounting industry and made me firm in my determination to study deeply in the postgraduate entrance examination. During college, I also served as a class organization committee member, which trained my communication and organization skills. I am a very optimistic person. I can actively seek solutions to anything. I am also a very persistent person. I will stick to everything to the end. In my spare time, I like sports. My favorite sport is tennis, which can release pressure well. During the past three and a half years of undergraduate study, I deeply realized that when I entered the society, the knowledge and skills I mastered were not enough to achieve my personal goals, so I felt I needed to further study and deeply understand this field.。
'很多爱好并学习汉语的外国人，在经过一段时间的学习之后，几乎都会说出一嘴流利的汉语，但是一到书写的时候就会或多或少出现写问题，笔者在研究生学习期间接触过一些中亚及俄罗斯的留学生，他们无一不表示，汉字太难了，相似的汉字太多，哪怕学习了很久汉语的高级阶段的留学生，也经常会出现混淆的情况。确实，汉字尤其是汉字中众多的形近字怎么才能书写正确，一直是留学生在汉语学习中的头痛之处。,为了帮助高级阶段留学生更为效率地掌握正确书写形近字，笔者查看了新疆大学留学生试卷库，并且在征求老师的同意下，随堂听了高级汉语a班学生的汉语课，收集到了高级阶段留学生的日常作业、听写和考试试卷中出现的形近字书写偏误语料，并进一步整理形成了《高级阶段留学生形近字书写偏误统计表》，共计xxx组形近字。,将这些偏误语料进一步分析，结合汉字学相关理论，通过对上表中xxx组形近字的外部结构来进行分析，形成了《xxx组形近字外部结构分析表》，并由此将其出现的偏误情况分为结构偏误、部件偏误、笔画偏误三种类型，同时对总结出的类型进一步细化。根据细致划分的形近字偏误，从汉字本体、教学者、学习者、教学现状四个方面来探讨书写形近字出现偏误的原因'
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번역：
Many foreigners who love and learn Chinese will almost speak fluent Chinese after a period of study, but there will be more or less writing problems when it comes to writing. During my graduate study, the author came into contact with some students studying in Central Asia and Russia. They all said that Chinese characters are too difficult and there are too many similar Chinese characters, Even foreign students at the advanced stage who have studied Chinese for a long time often have confusion. Indeed, how to write Chinese characters correctly, especially the many similar characters in Chinese characters, has always been a headache for foreign students in Chinese learning.,In order to help foreign students at the advanced stage more efficiently master the correct writing of near form characters, the author checked the test paper library of foreign students at Xinjiang University, listened to the Chinese class of students in class a of advanced Chinese in the classroom with the consent of the teacher, and collected the corpus of near form characters writing errors in the daily homework, dictation and examination papers of foreign students at the advanced stage, And further collated and formed the "statistical table of writing errors of foreign students in advanced stage", with a total of XXX groups of near characters.,Through further analysis of the corpus of these errors, combined with the relevant theories of Chinese characters, and through the analysis of the external structure of XXX group of shaped near characters in the above table, the analysis table of the external structure of XXX group of shaped near characters is formed. From this, the errors are divided into three types: structural errors, component errors and stroke errors. At the same time, the summarized types are further refined. According to the careful division of the errors of the near form characters, this paper discusses the reasons for the errors of the near form characters from the four aspects of the Chinese character itself, the teachers, the learners and the current teaching situation。